KITÂB’UL KABÂ'IR (THE BOOK OF MAJOR SINS)

[Izhâr'ud Dîn]

باب الولايات من الأمانة

Chapter: Authority is from the Trust

It is narrated from Abû Hurayrah Radiyallâhu Anh that a Bedouin asked the Nabî Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam, “When is the Hour?” He Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam said,

إذا ضيعت الأمانة فانتظر الساعة. قال: كيف إضاعتها؟ قال: إذا وسد الأمر إلى غير أهله فانتظر الساعة

“Wait for the hour when the trust is lost.” The Bedouin said, “How will it be lost?” He said, “Wait for the hour when authority is entrusted to those who do not deserve it.”

Narrated by al-Bukhârî.[1]

1.	Al-Bukhârî, Hadîth no: 59.

[Izhâr'ud Dîn]

باب النهي عن طلبها أي الولاية

Chapter: the Prohibition from Seeking it, Meaning Authority

It is narrated from Abd’ur Rahmân bin Samurah Radiyallâhu Anh in a Marfû Hadîth (that Rasûlullâh Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam said),

إذالا تسأل الإمارة فإنك إن أعطيتها من غير مسألة أعنت عليها، وإن أعطيتها عن مسألة وكلت إليها. وإذا حلفت على يمين فرأيت غيرها خيرا، منها فأت الذي هو خير وكفر عن يمينك

“Do not ask for authority. For verily, if you are given it without asking for it then you will be aided, and if you are given it by asking for it then you (yourself) will be assigned with it. When you make an oath and see other than it to be better than it, then get the better one and expiate for your oath.”

Both of them (i.e. al-Bukhârî and Muslim) narrated it.[1]

Muslim narrated from Abû Dharr: I said, “O Rasûlullâh! Would you not place me at the head of something?” Rasûlullâh Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam struck my shoulder with his hand, then said,

يا أبا ذر، إنك رجل ضعيف، وإنها أمانة، وإنها يوم القيامة خزي وندامة، إلا من أخذها بحقها وأدى الذي عليه فيها

“O Abû Dharr, you are a weak man, and it is a trust! It is a disgrace and regret on the Day of Judgement, except for the one who takes it with its rights and (properly) discharges the duties attendant thereon.”[2]

1.	Al-Bukhârî, Hadîth no. 6722; Muslim, Hadîth no. 1652.
2.	Muslim, Hadîth no. 1825.

[Izhâr'ud Dîn]

باب ما جاء في غش الرعية

Chapter on What Has Come Regarding Deceiving the Subjects

It is narrated from Ma’qil bin Yasâr Radiyallâhu Anh in a Marfû Hadîth (that Rasûlullâh Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam said),

ما من عبد يسترعيه الله على رعيته فيموت وهو غاش لرعيته، إلا حرم الله عليه الجنة

“There is not a slave who was entrusted with the affairs of his subjects by Allâh and dies whilst he is deceiving his subjects except that Allâh will make Jannah Harâm upon him.”

In another narration,

فلم يحطها بنصيحته، لم يجد رائحة الجنة

“And he does not look after them in with its Nasîhah (wanting good and correction), will not find the smell of Jannah.”

Both of them (i.e. al-Bukhârî and Muslim) narrated it.[1]

1.	Al-Bukhârî, Hadîth no. 7150; Muslim, Hadîth no. 142.

[Izhâr'ud Dîn]

باب الشفقة على الرعية

Chapter: Having Mercy upon the Subjects

The statement of Allâhu Taâlâ,

﴿وَاخْفِضْ جَنَاحَكَ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ.﴾

“And lower your wings for the believers (be courteous to the fellow-believers).” (al-Hijr 15/88)

And the statement of Allâhu Taâlâ in the Âyah,

﴿فَبِمَا رَحْمَةٍ مِنَ اللهِ لِنْتَ لَهُمْ.﴾

“And by the Mercy of Allâh, you dealt with them gently.” (Âl-i Imrân 3/159)

It is narrated from Â’ishah Radiyallâhu Anhâ in a Marfû Hadîth that the Nabî Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam said,

اللَّهُمَّ مَنْ وَلِيَ مِنْ أَمْرِ أُمَّتِي شَيْئًا فَشَقَّ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَاشْقُقْ عَلَيْهِ. وَمَنْ وَلِيَ مِنْ أَمْرِ أُمَّتِي شَيْئًا فَرَفَقَ بِهِمْ، فَارْفُقْ بِهِ.

“O Allâh! Whoever administrates an affair from the affairs of my Ummah and is hard upon them, then be hard upon him. And whosoever administrates an affair from the affairs of my Ummah and is gentle with them, then be gentle with him.”[1]

1.	Muslim, Hadîth no. 1828.

[Izhâr'ud Dîn]

باب الاحتجاب دون الرعية

Chapter: Concealing Oneself from the Subjects

It is narrated from Abû Maryam al-Azdî that he said to Mu’âwiyah: I heard Rasûlullâh Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam say,

«من ولاه الله شيئا من أمور المسلمين فاحتجب دون حاجتهم وخلتهم وفقرهم، احتجب الله دون حاجته وخلته وفقره يوم القيامة.»

“Whoever Allâh puts in the position of authority over an affair of the affairs of the Muslims, then conceals himself without (looking after) their needs, troubles, and poverty, then Allâh will conceal Himself from his need, trouble, and poverty on the Day of Judgement.”

Thereupon, Mu’âwiyah appointed a man upon the needs of people (to inform him of their needs).

Narrated by Abû Dâwûd and at-Tirmidhî. Abû Dâwûd narrated something similar from Amr bin Murrah al-Juhanî, which was graded as Sahîh (sound) by al-Hâkim.[1]

1.	At-Tirmidhî, Hadîth no. 1332; Abû Dâwûd, Hadîth no. 2948; al-Hâkim, al-Mustadrak, Hadîth no. 7027.