باب ما جاء في الفتن Chapter on What Came Regarding Fitnah (Trials)The statement of Allâhu Taâlâ in the Âyah,وَاتَّقُوا فِتْنَةً لا تُصِيبَنَّ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا مِنْكُمْ خَاصَّةً
“And fear a Fitnah (trial) which will not strike those who have wronged among you exclusively…” (al-Anfâl 8/25)
And also the statement of Allâhu Taâlâ in the Âyah,قُلْ هُوَ الْقَادِرُ عَلَى أَنْ يَبْعَثَ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَاباً مِنْ فَوْقِكُمْ أَوْ مِنْ تَحْتِ أَرْجُلِكُمْ أَوْ يَلْبِسَكُمْ شِيَعاً
“Say, “He is the (one) Able to send upon you affliction from above you or from beneath your feet or to confuse you (so you become) sects…” (al-An’âm 6/65)
It is narrated on the authority of Ibnu Amr Radiyallâhu Anhumâ that he said: We were on a journey when we stopped at a place. Thereafter, an announcer of Rasűlullâh Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam announced: as-Salâtu Jâmi’ah! (Congregate for the Prayer!) We congregated near Rasűlullâh Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam. So Rasűlullâh Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam said,إنه لم يكن نبي قبلي إلا كان حقا عليه أن يدل أمته على خير ما يعلمه لهم، وينذرهم شر ما يعلمه لهم، وإن أمتكم هذه جعل عافيتها في أولها وسيصيب آخرها بلاء وأمور تنكرونها، وتجيء فتنة فيرتق بعضها، بعضا وتجيء الفتنة فيقول المؤمن: هذه مهلكتي، ثم تنكشف، وتجيء الفتنة فيقول المؤمن: هذه هذه. فمن أحب أن يزحزح عن النار ويدخل الجنة فلتأته منيته وهو يؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر. وليأت إلى الناس الذي يحب الله أن يؤتي إليه. ومن بايع إمامه فأعطاه صفقة يده وثمرة قلبه فليطعه إن استطاع؛ فإن جاء آخر ينازعه فاضربوا عنق الآخر
“Surely, there has not been any Nabî before me except that it was a responsibility upon him to direct his Ummah (nation) to the thing which he knew to be the best for them and to warn them from the thing which he knew to be the most evil for them. Verily, protection from evil was assigned in the early period of this Ummah of yours, and its latter period will be afflicted with afflictions and affairs which you dislike. Fitnah (trials) will come, each being lighter than the other. A Fitnah will come and the Mu’min (believer) will say, “This is my destruction!” Then, it will be over, and another Fitnah will come and the Mu’min will say, “This, this is my destruction.” So, death should come to the one who wants to be removed away from the Nâr (fire; Jahannam) and admitted to Jannah (paradise) while he believes in Allâh and in the Last Day. He should also treat the people with that which he loves Allâh to treat him with. Whoever pledges allegiance to his Imâm (leader) and gives him the pledge of his hand and the sincerity of his heart (i.e. submits to him both outwardly as well as inwardly), then he should obey him if he is able to. If another man comes disputing the Imâm (for his right to lead), then strike the neck of the latter!” (Muslim, Hadîth no. 1844)
It was narrated by Muslim.
Muslim also narrated from Abű Hurayrah Radiyallâhu Anh in a Marfű Hadîth (that Rasűlullâh Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam said),بادروا بالأعمال فتنا كقطع الليل المظلم، يصبح الرجل مؤمنا ويمسي كافرا، ويمسي مؤمنا ويصبح كافرا، يبيع دينه بعرض من الدنيا
“Hasten with deeds in anticipation of trials which are like portions of a dark night. A man will wake up as a Mu’min in the morning and will be a Kâfir (disbeliever) in the evening, and a man will be a Mu’min in the evening and will wake up a Kâfir in the morning, selling his religion for some worldly goods.” (Muslim, Hadîth no. 118)
Muslim also narrated from Ma’qil bin Yasâr in a Marfű Hadîth (that Rasűlullâh Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam said),العبادة في الهرج كهجرة إلي
“Ibâdah (worship) in great commotion is like migrating to me.” (Muslim, Hadîth no. 2948)
Al-Bukhârî and Muslim narrated from Hudhayfah Radiyallâhu Anh that Umar Radiyallâhu Anh said, “Which one of you memorize the statement of the Nabî Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam regarding Fitnah?”
I said, “I.”
Umar Radiyallâhu Anh said, “Bring them forward, for verily, you have the courage to do so.”
I said, “I heard the Nabî Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam saying,فتنة الرجل في أهله وماله وجاره تكفرها الصلاة والصيام والصدقة والأمر بالمعروف والنهي عن المنكر
“The trial of a man with his family, wealth, and neighbor is expiated by the Salâh (prayer), Siyâm (fasting), Sadaqah (charity), al-Amri Bi’l Ma’rűf (enjoining good), and Nahyu An’il Munkar (prohibiting from evil).”
Umar Radiyallâhu Anh said, “This is not what I intend, I only intended the Fitnah which will emerge like the waves of oceans.”
I said, “O Amîr’ul Mu’minîn (leader of the believers), what have you got to do with this? Verily, between you and it is a locked door!”
Umar Radiyallâhu Anh said, “Will the door be opened or will it be broken?”
I said, “Rather, it will be broken.”
Umar Radiyallâhu Anh said, “It is more likely that it will not be locked again.”
I (the narrator) said to Hudhayfah, “Did Umar know who this door was?”
Hudhayfah Radiyallâhu Anh said, “Yes, just as he knows that night time is before tomorrow. Verily, I have narrated to him a Hadîth without any mistakes.”
We feared asking him “Who is the door”, so we said to Masrűq, “Ask him!” So Masrűq asked him and Hudhayfah said, “It is Umar.” (al-Bukhârî, Hadîth no. 525, 1435, 1895, 3586, 7096; Muslim, Hadîth no. 144)
Muslim also narrated from Abű Bakrah Radiyallâhu Anh in a Marfű Hadîth (that Rasűlullâh Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam said),إنها ستكون فتن القاعد فيها خير من الماشي، والماشي فيها خير من الساعي إليها، إلا إذا نزلت أو وقعت. فمن كان له إبل فليلحق بإبله، ومن كان له غنم فليلحق بغنمه، ومن كان له أرض فليلحق بأرضه. فقال رجل: يا رسول الله، أرأيت من لم يكن له إبل ولا غنم ولا أرض. قال: يعمد إلى سيفه فيدقه بالحجر، ثم لينْجُ إن استطاع النجاة. ثم قال: ألا هل قد بلغت؟ قالها ثلاثا. ثم قال رجل: يا رسول الله، أرأيت إن أكرهت حتى يُنطلق بي إلى أحد الصفين، فيضربني رجل بسيفه، أو يجيء سهم فيقتلني. قال: يبوء بإثمك وإثمه فيكون من أصحاب النار
“Verily, there shall be Fitan (pl. Fitnah; trials) in which the one who is sitting in it will be better than the one standing, and the one who is standing in it will be better than the one is running towards it, except when the Fitnah goes down or stops. So whoever has a camel should stick on to his camel, whoever has sheep should stick to his sheep, and whoever has land should stick to his land.” Thereupon a man said, “O Rasűlullâh! What is your opinion regarding the one who does not have a camel, sheep, or land?” Rasűlullâh Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam said, “He should turn towards his sword and smash it with a rock. Thereafter, he should escape to salvation if he can.” Rasűlullâh Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam then said, “Be weary! Have I conveyed?” He Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam said it thrice. Then a man said: “O Rasűlullâh! What is your opinion if I was coerced until I was made to choose on one of the two ranks, so that either a man will strike me with his sword or that an arrow was shot thereafter killing me?” He Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam said, “He will obtain (thereby) your sin and his sin, so he will be among the companions of the Nâr (Fire; Hell-fire).” (Muslim, Hadîth no. 2887)
Ibnu Mâjah and Abű Dâwűd narrated from Sa’d that he said,قلت: يا رسول الله، أرأيت إن دخل علي بيتي وبسط يده ليقتلني. فقال: كن كخير ابني آدم، وتلا هذه الآية .لَئِنْ بَسَطْتَ إِلَيَّ يَدَكَ لِتَقْتُلَنِي مَا أَنَا بِبَاسِطٍ يَدِيَ إِلَيْكَ لِأَقْتُلَكَ إِنِّي أَخَافُ اللَّهَ رَبَّ الْعَالَمِينَ. الآية.
I said, “O Rasűlullâh! What is your opinion if a person enters upon my house and stretches his hand out to kill me?” Rasűlullâh Sallallâhu Alayhi wa Sallam said, “Be like the better one of the two sons of Âdam.” Then he recited this verse,
لَئِنْ بَسَطْتَ إِلَيَّ يَدَكَ لِتَقْتُلَنِي مَا أَنَا بِبَاسِطٍ يَدِيَ إِلَيْكَ لِأَقْتُلَكَ إِنِّي أَخَافُ اللَّهَ رَبَّ الْعَالَمِينَ
“If you do stretch your hand against me to kill me, I shall never stretch my hand against you to kill you. Indeed, I fear Allâh, the Lord of the Âlamîn (universe).” (al-Mâ’idah 5/28) (Abű Dâwűd, Hadîth no. 4257)
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